Whatever Little I Know About Quantum Mechanics

Theory Of Entanglement - Niels Bohr:

When 2 coins spin from the same event at the same time, then the outcome of the final result of both the coins would be opposite I.e One will be "Heads" and the other will be "Tails".

I.e If one coin spins on earth and the result is heads and the other one on Pluto is tails, so they are mentioned to be intertwined with each other linking through space and time more than the speed of light.

Albert Einstein says having spent 50 years of my career in physics I still don’t completely understand Light Quanta.

When someone throws a ball at you, you pull out your hand and catch the ball intuitively rather than calculating the speed of the ball at the very core level, So considering physics on a "Macro" level is called "Classical Mechanics", whereas physics on the "Microscopic" level is known as "Quantum Mechanics".

They say light has both "Wave" and "Particle" like nature, it could be known from the double-slit experiment.

Double Slit Experiment:

In this experiment, We come to know that light or photons have both "Waves" and "Particle" characteristics. Consider a light which has a wave nature going through 1 slit, it forms waves through that slit right, now opens one more slit beside it, that will also form a wave.

These 2 waves through the 2 slits intersect to form "Crests" and "Troughs" to form a wave-like notion on the screen called the 'Interference" pattern. Now consider shooting 1 photon through both slits, it also forms a wave-like notion on the screen.

From this, We come to know that light or photons have "Particle" and "Wave" functions simultaneously.

Light is "Photons" was proved by Albert Einstein through the photoelectric effect, In which he says 1 unit of light is like a small packet of photons which has an electromagnetic field that can’t be split or divided.

So when you shoot 1 photon at a time through the double slit, It would either go through one or the other slit or through reflecting from the left or right slit, but you will be amazed to see that each photon shot one at a time helps to form the same interference wave-like pattern on the screen.

So the interference pattern is seen to have the same output through light, electron gun, photon gun e.t.c

When the particle is shot from the gun to reach the screen, It somehow knows the possible locations to traverse through the wave in between, The particle traverses its path to the screen through the medium of waves along with knowing its possible locations to form the "Interference" pattern.

The Copenhagen Interpretation:

Schrodinger explains the superposition of electrons, and photons through the double slit experiment, so he says, Consider a cat in a box with radioactive material, after 30 min the cat will be either "dead" or "alive" right? but when it's in the box, it could be either "dead" or "alive" or both in "superposition", it's only when we open the box and see, do we know the possibility of the outcome. So in the "double slit", when the electron starts its journey from the shooter it’s in both the slits or in superposition at the same time until we look at the screen to know where it lands at last.

Quantum Entanglement:

Einstein’s view against Entanglement - Consider you have 2 marbles Red and Green in a black box, you blindfold yourself and shake the box and place each marble in 2 boxes and send 1 to pluto, as soon as you open one box on earth, find it out to be red, then immediately the box in Pluto will be green, Now this information travelled more than the speed of light. 

So it will be absurd to say that they are entangled and something is travelling more than the speed of light.

But in the case of "Bohr" and "Schrodinger", If you consider the spinning of an electron which is its characteristics, Consider clockwise movements to be spinning down and anti-clockwise movements to be spinning up, They consider the spinning to be in a superposition, and the test identifies them to be intertwined with a weird quantum connection in which one electron is spinning up and the other spinning down.

Quantum Entanglement With Black Holes:

We know stars are huge, At the end of their life, the sun depletes its fuel and succumbs under its gravity resulting in collapse. A warp in space is created and the gravity is so intense that light cannot escape it. For example, if you throw your wallet inside a black hole, According to "Classical Mechanics" all your information in the wallet is lost, but bringing "Quantum Mechanics" in, The vicinity of the black hole tells us that there is particle radiation called "Hawking Radiation", In which some information is sucked in and some thrown out which states splitting of an electron, photon or information. Through "Hawking Radiation", a black hole loses its "Mass".